Prolapse

Pelvic prolapse is a common but often misunderstood condition affecting millions of women worldwide. It occurs when pelvic organs, such as the bladder, uterus, or rectum, descend from their normal position and push against the walls of the vagina. When the pelvic floor muscles and connective tissues weaken, it allows for the pelvic organs to shift out of their usual positions. The most common types of prolapse include:

• Cystocele: A prolapse of the bladder into the anterior wall of the vagina.
• Rectocele: A prolapse of the rectum into the posterior wall of the vagina.
• Uterine Prolapse: A descent or of the uterus into the vaginal canal.
• Vaginal Vault Prolapse: A prolapse occurring after a hysterectomy where the top of the vagina loses its support.

Causes and Risk Factors for Prolapse

Several factors can contribute to the development of pelvic prolapse:

• Childbirth: Vaginal delivery, especially of larger babies or multiple births, can stretch and weaken the pelvic muscles.
• Aging: The natural aging process reduces the elasticity of pelvic tissues.
• Hormonal Changes: Decreased estrogen levels after menopause can weaken pelvic tissues.
• Obesity: Excess weight places additional pressure on the pelvic floor.
• Chronic Constipation: Persistent straining can weaken pelvic muscles.
• Genetics: A family history of pelvic prolapse may increase the risk.

Symptoms 
The symptoms of pelvic prolapse can vary depending on the type and severity of the condition but often include:

• A feeling of fullness or pressure in the pelvic area
• A noticeable bulge or protrusion in the vaginal area
• Discomfort or pain during sexual intercourse
• Difficulty urinating or a frequent urge to urinate
• Difficulty having bowel movements or a sensation of incomplete evacuation
• Lower back pain

Diagnosing Pelvic Prolapse

Diagnosis typically involves:

• Medical History Review: Discussing symptoms and any related health conditions.
• Physical Examination: Including a pelvic exam to assess the extent of the prolapse.
• Imaging Tests: In some cases, tests like ultrasound or MRI may be used to evaluate the prolapse.

Treatment Options for Pelvic Prolapse

Treatment for pelvic prolapse depends on the severity of the condition and the patient’s overall health and preferences. Options include:

• Lifestyle Changes: Weight loss, pelvic floor exercises (such as Kegels), and avoiding heavy lifting can help manage symptoms.
• Pessary: A removable device inserted into the vagina to support the pelvic organs and reduce symptoms.
• Physical Therapy: Specialized pelvic floor physical therapy can strengthen muscles and improve support.
• Medications: Hormone replacement therapy may help if estrogen deficiency is a contributing factor.
• Surgery: In severe cases, surgical options may be considered to repair or support the pelvic organs. Procedures vary based on the type of prolapse and individual needs.

Prevention and Management

While not all cases of pelvic prolapse can be prevented, certain practices can reduce the risk or manage symptoms effectively:

• Regular Exercise: Strengthening pelvic floor muscles through exercises can help maintain support.
• Healthy Weight: Maintaining a healthy weight can lessen pressure on the pelvic floor.
• Avoiding Constipation: Eating a high-fiber diet and staying hydrated can prevent straining during bowel movements.

Pelvic prolapse is a condition that can significantly impact quality of life, but with the right approach, it can be managed effectively. If you experience symptoms or have concerns about pelvic prolapse, consult with one of our providers at Conrad Pearson for advice and treatment options. Early intervention is key to helping enhance outcomes and supporting a healthy, active lifestyle. We don’t want pelvic prolapse to stop you from doing what you love, contact us today.