A variety of factors can influence how bacteria get into the bladder to cause UTIs. Some risk factors include:
- poor hygiene. After using the bathroom, females need to wipe the vaginal area from front to back to avoid introducing bacteria to the urethra. Going from back to front can relocate bacteria from the rectum to the urethra.
- sexual activity. The mechanics of sex can force naturally occurring vaginal bacteria into the urethra. This is perhaps the most common cause of adult UTI’s. Likewise, anything put into the vaginal area regularly can accomplish the same result, not just sexual activity. Similar effect may be seem with vaginal hygiene products, horseback riding, straddle-type seats, as well as clothing items associated with vaginal pressure like thong underwear or leotards.
- retained urine in the bladder. If your bladder is not emptying completely, the remaining urine is stagnant and becomes infected more easily.
- blockages in the urinary tract. Any blockage, such as from an enlarged prostate or kidney stone, can result in poor emptying and lead to infections.
- medical illnesses. Diabetes in particular can impair the immune system and predispose to a variety of infections.
